Notes and primary sources on heraldry around the world: not only European armory, but any formal system of hereditary or corporate signs.
Transcriptions and translations of source texts, each credited to the edition it was taken from. Where a work survives in more than one language, its editions are listed together so they can be read against one another.
| Language | Edition |
|---|---|
| Latin language of composition | Hauptmann (Bonn, 1883) |
| German | Hauptmann (Bonn, 1883) |
| English | Cavallar et al., A Grammar of Signs (1994) |